Rights groups sue Trump administration over sanctions targeting International Criminal Court

Four human rights groups are suing the Trump administration over its economic pressure campaign against the International Criminal Court (ICC), arguing that sanctions against judges, prosecutors and others are unlawfully interfering with their international criminal justice work. The lawsuit was filed Tuesday in New York by the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional...

US rights groups sue Trump administration over ICC sanctions Four US-based rights groups sued the Trump administration on Tuesday for its sanctions on the International Criminal Court (ICC). In a statement, the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch, and the Open Society Institute called the sanctions "blatantly illegal".  They said they are being forced "to curtail a wide range of human rights and legal work in violation of... First and Fifth Amendment rights under the US Constitution and under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act", given that anyone who appears to associate with ICC cases or officials could now face legal repercussions.  Just days after he assumed power in late January 2025, US President Donald Trump signed an executive order to sanction the ICC over its investigations into top Israeli officials. British barrister Karim Khan, who was the ICC's chief prosecutor, was the only person named as a sanctioned individual.   He has since been removed through a member states' vote, albeit due to sexual assault allegations. Khan has denied them.  The executive order followed a White House visit by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who is wanted by the ICC over alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Gaza since October 2023. Read more: US rights groups sue Trump administration over ICC sanctions A man takes a photograph of the exterior of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, the Netherlands on 28 March 2026 (John Thys/AFP)

Four human rights groups in the United States have sued the Trump administration for “illegally sanctioning” individuals and organizations affiliated with the International Criminal Court (ICC). The lawsuit was filed in the Southern District of New York on August 11 by the American Friends Service Committee, Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch, and Open […] US-based rights groups sue Trump admin over ICC sanctions

The lawsuit is the latest example of organizations pushing back on what they call the Trump administration’s efforts to undermine international law

US rights groups sue Trump administration over ICC sanctions Submitted by MEE staff on Tue, 08/11/2026 - 20:40 The president's targeting of the court has created legal risk for US-based human rights advocates A man takes a photograph of the exterior of the International Criminal Court in The Hague, the Netherlands on 28 March 2026 (John Thys/AFP) Off Four US-based rights groups sued the Trump administration on Tuesday for its sanctions on the International Criminal Court (ICC). In a statement, the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch, and the Open Society Institute called the sanctions "blatantly illegal".  They said they are being forced "to curtail a wide range of human rights and legal work in violation of... First and Fifth Amendment rights under the US Constitution and under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act", given that anyone who appears to associate with ICC cases or officials could now face legal repercussions.  Just days after he assumed power in late January 2025, US President Donald Trump signed an executive order to sanction the ICC over its investigations into top Israeli officials. British barrister Karim Khan, who was the ICC's chief prosecutor, was the only person named as a sanctioned individual.   He has since been removed through a member states' vote, albeit due to sexual assault allegations. Khan has denied them.  The executive order followed a White House visit by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who is wanted by the ICC over alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Gaza since October 2023. Netanyahu and his then defence minister, Yoav Gallant, were issued arrest warrants in November 2024, alongside three Hamas leaders, who have since been killed by Israel. All non-US individuals and their family members who assist in ICC investigations of US citizens or allies fall under the sanctions order. Their assets are frozen, they cannot use the international banking system, and they cannot enter the US. This is not the first lawsuit in response to US sanctions.  In July, advocates for Palestinian rights in the US filed a lawsuit in a New York City federal court, seeking an injunction to stop the Trump administration's enforcement of sanctions against groups or individuals liaising with the ICC. Democracy for the Arab World Now (Dawn), founded by the late Middle East Eye columnist Jamal Khashoggi, as well as the Taxpayer Alliance Against Genocide (Taag), said they felt compelled to immediately go to court after US Secretary of State Marco Rubio wrote in an opinion piece that the US was willing to dismantle the ICC "brick by brick".  'No basis in fact' The lawsuit insists that Trump's powers to sanction the ICC "are based on a pseudo national emergency that has no basis in fact", the groups said on Tuesday.  ICC states decision on Karim Khan ‘inherently political’, says leading criminal law expert Read More » "The sanctions have stopped the four plaintiff organizations from continuing or undertaking activities like representing victims of war crimes as legal counsel, making legal and policy submissions to the ICC, and collaborating with the sanctioned Palestinian human rights groups to undertake litigation, coordinate advocacy campaigns, research human rights violations, or provide humanitarian aid," the statement said. Last year the Trump administration also sanctioned several Palestinian human rights organisations, many of which receive legal and financial support from US experts and donors. It also sanctioned officials in the Palestinian Authority (PA) and Palestine Liberation Organisation (PLO) over their work taking Israel to international courts. According to the State Department, the unnamed officials were “undermining the prospects for peace”. In his executive order, Trump said the ICC has "engaged in illegitimate and baseless actions targeting America and our close ally Israel". The US and Israel are not state parties to the Rome Statute, which is the treaty that established the ICC in The Hague in 2002. Both states have opposed the court’s investigation into alleged Israeli crimes in Palestine, launched by the ICC’s previous prosecutor, Fatou Bensouda, in 2021.  The court’s jurisdiction was based on the accession of the State of Palestine to the Rome Statute in 2015. That means the court can investigate Israeli individuals for crimes committed in occupied Palestine, which includes the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and East Jerusalem.  But Israel and the US have challenged the court’s jurisdiction, saying they do not recognise Palestine as a state, and that Israel is best placed to investigate itself under the principle of complementarity as set out in Article 17 of the Rome Statute. Trump’s order reiterated this view and described the arrest warrants as an abuse of power. Dismantling the ICC Last month, Rubio said the Trump administration is working to "dismantle the [International Criminal Court] brick by brick".  “The ICC’s interfering with American military and law enforcement operations isn’t just only a grave overreach of its purported authorities. It would mean the death of the US as a sovereign and independent nation,” Rubio wrote in an opinion article published by The Wall Street Journal.  He said that Americans likely don't know the names of the judges, prosecutors or presidents of the international court, and that they "shouldn't have to", while accusing the ICC of waging a war against the US. 'Textbook infringement': Palestine advocacy groups sue for immediate halt to Trump's ICC sanctions Read More » Rubio’s criticism noted "bipartisan" opposition to the court, which was founded in 2002 in response to genocides and atrocities in war zones such as Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. Rubio made no direct mention of the outstanding arrest warrant issued for Netanyahu and Gallant in his article. The European Union warned earlier this year that Trump's order has the potential to seriously affect the ICC's work in all investigations, not just on Palestine. The court is currently investigating alleged crimes in 16 situations, including Darfur, Ukraine, Venezuela, Afghanistan, and Myanmar.  But also last month, the new Venezuelan government - effectively run by Rubio himself from afar - withdrew from the ICC. In a post on X, the US State Department hailed the move as marking a "partnership on American-led efforts to dismantle the corrupt and worthless ICC". It pointed to an investigation by the court into former Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro, who was abducted from the South American country during a US military assault in January 2026, saying it had produced "no result". "The ICC has instead wasted its resources on investigating and charging persons from countries that have competent, independent judicial systems and which never submitted to the jurisdiction of the court," the statement read. "This is blatant overreach, political bias and selective enforcement," it said, adding that the court is "neither credible, independent, nor legitimate". International law News Post Date Override 0 Update Date Mon, 05/04/2020 - 21:19 Update Date Override 0

The president signed an executive order in 2025 placing sanctions on the ICC, whose jurisdiction the U.S. does not recognize.

Human Rights Watch and three other advocacy groups sued the Trump administration on Tuesday to challenge its campaign against the International Criminal Court, arguing that sanctions against ICC judges and prosecutors are undermining the ability to prosecute people responsible for humanity’s worst crimes. The complaint – filed in the Southern District of New York – says that US President Donald Trump’s executive order last year targeting The Hague-based criminal court and the US sanctions issued...

'The plaintiffs are seeking an end to this sanctions regime, which transgresses the president’s authority and violates international and US law,' the lead counsel representing the human rights groups says

Lawsuit challenges Trump’s executive order targeting the ICC for its investigation of Israeli crimes in PalestineFour prominent US human rights organizations have accused the Trump administration of using its “crippling” sanctions regime against the international criminal court (ICC) to undermine global efforts to prosecute war crimes and crimes against humanity.In a lawsuit filed in federal court on Tuesday, the groups – the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch and the Open Society Institute – argued that the administration’s targeting of the ICC, as well as of groups and individuals affiliated with it or assisting its work, amounts to a “blatantly illegal attack on international justice”, the groups said. Continue reading...

Click to expand Image Thurgood Marshall United States Federal Courthouse building in lower Manhattan, New York City. © 2026 Laura Prieto Uribe/Human Rights Watch Four human rights groups (the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch, and the Open Society Institute) filed a lawsuit in US federal court challenging the Trump administration’s sanctions against ICC prosecutors and judges, a UN human rights expert, and three Palestinian human rights groups.The sanctions regime, and the executive order on which it is based, undermines access to justice for victims of serious international crimes around the globe and prevents civil society from working together to combat impunity.The groups state that the sanctions are a blatantly illegal attack on international justice and should be struck down. The groups assert the sanctions infringe their constitutional rights to free speech, association, and religion, and violate US law and US obligations under international law.(New York) – Four human rights groups filed a lawsuit in the Southern District of New York on August 11, 2026, alleging that the Trump administration is illegally sanctioning individuals and organizations affiliated with or assisting the work of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and is criminalizing those who associate with or otherwise support them. The suit challenges President Donald Trump’s February 6, 2025 executive order authorizing sanctions on ICC officials, judges, and others working with the court to seek justice for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity.The plaintiffs (the American Friends Service Committee, the Center for Constitutional Rights, Human Rights Watch, and the Open Society Institute, a part of the Open Society Foundations) state that the sanctions are a blatantly illegal attack on international justice and should be struck down. The groups assert the sanctions force them to curtail a wide range of human rights and legal work in violation of their First and Fifth Amendment rights under the US Constitution and under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. The lawsuit also argues that the sanctions exceed the president’s powers and are based on a pseudo “national emergency” that has no basis in fact. “The fact that so many leading human rights and humanitarian organizations have come together to challenge Trump’s unlawful executive order demonstrates the widespread harm it is causing across civil society groups dedicated to bringing those responsible for grave crimes to justice,” said lead counsel Andrew Loewenstein of Foley Hoag LLP. “The plaintiffs are seeking an end to this sanctions regime, which transgresses the president’s authority and violates international and US law, including the rights to freedom of expression and religion.”The ICC has launched 18 investigations around the globe, including in Afghanistan, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Libya, the Philippines, Darfur (Sudan), and Ukraine. This includes a Palestine investigation that led to the issuance of arrest warrants for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former Israeli Minister of Defense Yoav Gallant on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Gaza. Palestine is a state party to the ICC. Undermining the court makes it harder for survivors to pursue justice and have their voices heard when they have nowhere else to turn, the groups said.“The US government’s efforts to dismantle the ICC and punish people seeking justice for grave human rights violations harm far more than the individuals and groups facing sanctions. It is an affront to all victims and survivors of war crimes and genocide,” said Joyce Ajlouny, General Secretary of the American Friends Service Committee. “This executive order seeks to intimidate human rights defenders and deter people of conscience from advocating for the rights and dignity of others. We are joining this lawsuit because we refuse to stay silent when the pursuit of justice is criminalized.”The sanctions are one of many actions the Trump administration has taken against free speech, protest, and advocacy in support of the human rights of Palestinians. To date, the Trump administration has used the order to sanction ICC prosecutors, eight ICC judges, the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian Territory occupied since 1967, and three leading Palestinian human rights groups. On July 13, 2026, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio announced an escalated campaign to “dismantle” the court, including an increased use of sanctions and pressure on ICC member countries to leave the court. While the US claims ICC investigation of Americans, who otherwise would enjoy impunity, is a threat to US sovereignty, Americans who commit crimes abroad may already be prosecuted by foreign courts where the crimes took place, a well-established principle of international law.  “For many years, I have represented victims in pressing for justice for crimes committed by the powerful, and finally saw much-needed, even if overdue, investigations opened at the ICC. In response, the Trump administration took the extraordinary step to not only deny Palestinians and victims of US torture equal access to justice, but to criminalize and punish them, their lawyers and advocates, and their partners,” said Katherine Gallagher, Senior Staff Attorney at the Center for Constitutional Rights and legal representative for victims before the ICC. “All victims of international crimes – from Sudan and Ukraine to Palestine and Afghanistan – need and deserve to have an independent and strong ICC able to fulfill its mission of ending impunity, without fear or favor.”Sanctioned individuals and the Palestinian human rights groups have experienced frozen or closed bank accounts, rejection of financial transactions, denial of access to digital services, and travel bans. US organizations, including the plaintiffs, can face punishment of up to 20 years of imprisonment and exorbitant fines for providing services to sanctioned persons or entities. The sanctions have stopped the four plaintiff organizations from continuing or undertaking activities like representing victims of war crimes as legal counsel, making legal and policy submissions to the ICC, and collaborating with the sanctioned Palestinian human rights groups to undertake litigation, coordinate advocacy campaigns, research human rights violations, or provide humanitarian aid. The executive order profoundly damages the plaintiffs’ ability to collaborate with others, including the sanctioned Palestinian human rights groups, thereby harming their ability to protect human rights and advance the cause of justice.The crippling effects of the sanctions extend well beyond US borders. Due to the dominance of US financial institutions and technology companies and the threat of losing access to the US banking system, non-US banks and other entities outside of US jurisdiction are also being chilled from providing services. “These sanctions are an assault on the rule of law, independent judges and prosecutors, and civil society in the United States and around the world,” said James Goldston, executive director of the Open Society Justice Initiative. “They betray historic US leadership in the cause of international justice and are a slap in the face to victims and survivors of grave crimes everywhere who depend on the ICC as a court of last resort.” In 2025, federal courts in New York and Maine found the executive order violated the First Amendment and temporarily or permanently stopped enforcement of the sanctions regime against the plaintiffs in those cases. Since the executive order was issued in February 2025, ICC states parties, the leadership body of the court’s Assembly of States Parties, the European Union, UN experts, the UN Secretary-General, the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, civil society organizations, and the ICC itself have spoken out strongly against the effort to obstruct the court’s work. The ICC is a permanent international court created to try individuals accused of war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, and the crime of aggression. Following the genocides in the mid-1990s in Rwanda and in the former Yugoslavia, the international community created the ICC to prevent those responsible for serious crimes, including senior officials, from evading justice. The ICC does not displace the responsibility of states to bring justice for these crimes and can only act if a state is unable or unwilling to conduct genuine national proceedings. The court has jurisdiction over nationals of ICC states parties and those who commit these serious crimes on the territory of an ICC state party, whatever their nationality. Nearly two-thirds of UN member countries have joined the court.“We are taking the Trump administration to court to stop attacks on international justice and the civic space necessary to ensure that rights are protected consistently around the world,” said Liz Evenson, international justice director at Human Rights Watch. “Governments should step up to protect the ICC and those seeking justice before it to ensure no one is above the law.”Plaintiffs are represented by Foley Hoag LLP.