Rights groups, led by Amnesty International, report that Cambodian security-related personnel and security firms are implicated in running or enabling abusive scam compounds used for forced labour and serious violence.

Amnesty says many “enablers” connected to the scam industry remain at large, and that Cambodian police and military officers have served as private security guards. According to the report as described by outlets, survivors describe guards administering electric shocks and beatings, alongside other abuses, including rape, in compounds where thousands were allegedly confined to work in online fraud operations.

Coverage differs mainly in emphasis. One outlet foregrounds that rights groups link Cambodian security companies to the scam-compound ecosystem and that alleged perpetrators have not all been held to account. Others stress the alleged involvement of police and military guards, highlighting the use of shock batons and detailing survivor testimony. Across accounts, all point back to the same Amnesty report and its allegations, but vary in which alleged actor they lead with—security firms versus individual officers—and in the severity and mechanics of the violence they spotlight.