New research and reporting indicate that Chinese state-backed lending supports African agriculture, but frequently does not prioritize the infrastructure needed to process, store, and market food. One analysis of Chinese loans to African countries from 2000 to 2024 finds that Chinese and other state-backed institutions have committed more than US$180 billion in loans across Africa since 2000, financing a wide range of development activities such as transport links, power, ports, water infrastructure, and industrial projects. Agriculture is increasingly included in this broader funding. However, the research highlights a gap: funding tends to focus on primary production—supporting farmers—while paying less attention to downstream “value chain” needs. These include food processing capacity and storage facilities, which can reduce losses and help stabilize supply and prices. The reported mismatch suggests that, without investment beyond farming inputs, improvements in production may not translate into wider gains for food systems, jobs, and resilience. The issue is presented as a challenge for modernizing agriculture rather than as a claim that farming support is absent.