A United Nations report says victims of transnational online scams in parts of East Asia, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand lost an estimated US$88.3 billion to US$114.1 billion in 2025. The UNODC figures indicate the scale of losses is at least three times higher than estimates for 2023, which ranged from about US$18 billion to US$37 billion. The report highlights Southeast Asia—particularly Cambodia and Myanmar—as a hub for organized crime syndicates that run scams such as fake romance schemes and cryptocurrency investment fraud. It says offenders operate from fortified compounds and that people used in these networks include both willing recruits and individuals reportedly trafficked or forced into participating.

According to the report, scam networks recruit or traffic people from at least 80 countries and territories in the Mekong region, and use AI-enabled translation tools to expand targeting. It also notes that some authorities have increased enforcement under pressure from countries including the United States, Britain and China, including extraditions of alleged scam figures. However, the UN warns that many operations persist and that people released from raids may return home with criminal expertise, potentially strengthening broader criminal networks.