A report by the Association for Democratic Reforms (ADR), based on chief ministers’ election affidavits, says that nearly half of India’s chief ministers have declared criminal cases. The Hindu reports that about 45% of chief ministers analysed have such cases, while Times of India similarly states that around half face criminal cases. The reports also describe the extent of assets held by the chief ministers in the same set of affidavits. Times of India says the average assets per chief minister are Rs 118.07 crore and that four of the 31 chief ministers analysed (about 13%) are billionaires on the basis of declared assets exceeding Rs 100 crore. Together, the sources indicate that the findings come from declared information submitted during elections rather than from court verdicts or convictions. They present the percentages and related asset figures as part of a broader profile of chief ministers, including who is reported to have no serious cases and who is among the richest, as reflected in their affidavit disclosures.