North Korea’s economy expands by about 3.5% in 2025, marking the third consecutive year of growth above 3%, according to a report cited by South Korea’s central bank, the Bank of Korea (BOK). The BOK estimates 2025 real GDP growth at 3.5% year-on-year, after 3.7% growth in 2024 and 3.1% growth in 2023. The BOK attributes the sustained expansion to broader economic cooperation with Russia, higher trade with China, and domestic policy projects. It also says North Korea’s real GDP has risen above its 2017 level, when United Nations sanctions were imposed. Both reports link the performance to deeper ties with Russia and China. One source also notes North Korea deploys around 15,000 combat troops to support Russia in its war against Ukraine after a strategic partnership treaty signed in June 2024. Sector data cited indicate mining and manufacturing grows 4.9% year-on-year in 2025, reflecting increases in manufacturing activity.