Hantaviruses have circulated for decades in rodent populations across Africa, particularly in rats and mice, according to reporting based on scientific commentary. Humans can become infected when exposed to contaminated rodent material. Infection can occur through rodent bites or scratches or through inhalation of aerosolised particles that contain the virus. These particles can come from tiny traces of rodent urine, faeces, or saliva that become airborne.
Scientists say the risk of future outbreaks may grow because climate change can affect environmental conditions in ways that influence rodent populations and contact between rodents and people. They also point to weak disease surveillance systems as a major concern. Limited monitoring can mean infections and early spread remain undetected, delaying recognition of outbreaks and public health responses.
Together, the commentary highlights a scenario in which climate-driven ecological changes and inadequate surveillance could allow hantaviruses to move across regions with less warning. It emphasizes that preparedness depends on stronger surveillance and timely detection across countries.
