A federal appeals court rules that Texas officers are entitled to qualified immunity in a case involving a woman who was held face down on a fire ant hill while she was handcuffed. The ruling comes from the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.

The decision says the plaintiff did not show that it was “clearly established” at the time of the incident that the officers’ actions amounted to excessive force under existing law. That standard focuses on whether prior legal precedent would have put the officers on notice that the conduct was unlawful, rather than whether the conduct appears wrongful in hindsight.

Across coverage, the central emphasis is on the court’s legal threshold for overcoming qualified immunity. While the outcome prevents the lawsuit from moving forward against the officers on the excessive-force claim, the ruling is narrowly framed around what was established in prior case law.