Multiple outlets report that Afghanistan’s access to goods and humanitarian assistance is being strained as regional transport routes are disrupted. With fighting between Afghanistan and Pakistan that began late last year, key land border crossings have closed, limiting Afghanistan’s ability to use Pakistan’s major logistics corridor centered on Karachi. In response, Afghan authorities and aid flows have shifted toward Iran as an alternative transit route. Separately, reports also point to closure activity involving the Strait of Hormuz, a critical maritime chokepoint for shipping in the region. The disruption affects the availability and cost of shipments that are routed through or depend on trade flowing toward Iran and onward to Afghanistan. ABC News and The Independent describe Afghanistan as landlocked and increasingly reliant on western routes while both Pakistan-related disruptions and the Iran-war environment interfere with movement of supplies. The overall picture across sources is that Afghanistan faces supply shortages and delays as the combined effects of closed Pakistan borders and disruptions linked to the Strait of Hormuz reduce access to trade and aid pathways.