Researchers report that red pigment stripes found on a rock face inside a Welsh cave are prehistoric and date to about 17,000 years ago, making them the oldest known rock art in the United Kingdom. The markings were first discovered more than a century ago when the red-lined wall was documented, but they were long dismissed by some observers as a natural feature rather than deliberate human artwork. In the new study, scientists re-examine the cave evidence and present age and interpretive findings that support an artificial origin. The work concludes that the red stripes represent some form of deliberate rock art from the late Ice Age period. By establishing both the age and the human-made character of the markings, the researchers say the cave provides the UK’s earliest confirmed prehistoric art record. The findings shift the previous understanding of the site, which had been treated as natural geology for decades.