Experts say syphilis cases in women have increased over the past decade and that many infections may be going undiagnosed. They attribute under-detection to symptoms being missed or not recognized as syphilis. The concerns are that signs that can occur in women may be nonspecific or overlap with other conditions, making prompt testing less likely. Examples cited include symptoms such as hair loss and “brain fog,” which may be attributed to other health issues rather than prompting evaluation for sexually transmitted infections. The reporting emphasizes that increased surveillance and clinical awareness are needed to ensure infections are identified and treated earlier, both to reduce complications and to limit transmission. The sources frame the issue as one of recognition and diagnostic follow-up rather than a claim of any single cause for the rise in cases. Overall, they call for improved education for clinicians and patients about syphilis symptoms and the importance of testing when symptoms or risk factors are present.