U.S. defense officials say President Donald Trump’s shifting decisions on troop levels in Europe have created uncertainty for the military, disrupting planning and potentially increasing costs. Multiple outlets report that the U.S. military is waiting for clarification from the Pentagon after what they describe as back-and-forth changes to guidance on deployments. Officials say the lack of consistent direction affects military personnel and can leave service members in limbo, while also complicating scheduling and operations that depend on stable rotation and readiness plans.

The reports add that the uncertainty also concerns U.S. partners in Europe and NATO allies, who worry about the message the changes could send to Russia. One outlet notes that the situation may affect morale among American troops and their families due to the disruptions. While the sources generally cite millions of dollars in potential unplanned expenses, at least one report warns that more extensive withdrawals—particularly from Germany—could cost billions and take years to carry out. The officials’ comments are attributed to interviews reported by the Associated Press.