The Pentagon on Monday updated a list of Chinese entities it says support China’s military-civil fusion strategy, adding companies including Alibaba, Baidu, BYD and robotics firm Unitree. The updated “1260H” list names 188 companies that the U.S. identifies as operating in the United States and contributing to China’s defense-related industrial base. The Pentagon says the list covers not only entities directly connected to China’s military or security forces, but also civilian companies it believes help the defense sector access technologies and expertise developed outside traditional defense channels. Several of the newly listed companies are publicly traded and generally not considered defense firms. The Pentagon also cites affiliations: it describes Alibaba as linked to China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and says BYD and Baidu are affiliated with the same ministry. BYD, Baidu and Alibaba issued statements disputing the Pentagon’s characterization. China’s embassy similarly criticized the U.S. for what it called discriminatory national-security listings. The update comes amid broader U.S. scrutiny of Chinese technology and industry, with lawmakers raising concerns about how companies on the list could affect U.S. policy and business ties.