Security researchers report that two Russia-aligned hacking campaigns are exploiting a WinRAR vulnerability that was patched nearly a year ago to target Ukrainian organizations. The activity centers on CVE-2025-8088, described as a path traversal flaw in WinRAR. According to Trend Micro research cited by multiple outlets, the flaw is being used in ongoing intrusions aimed at Ukrainian government and military targets. The campaigns use the vulnerability to deliver malware designed to steal credentials and support cyberespionage. The reporting identifies two threat groups attributed by Trend Micro: Earth Dahu (also known as Gamaredon) and SHADOW-EARTH-066 (also known as UAC-0226). One outlet notes the vulnerability’s CVSS score as 8.4, indicating high severity. The campaigns are described as separate efforts that continue after the vulnerability was fixed last July, with attackers leveraging the still-unpatched systems or instances despite the earlier remediation. Overall, the coverage aligns on the same vulnerability, the Ukrainian target focus, and the Russia-linked attribution for the groups involved.