Japan is developing a domestically developed “sovereign” AI foundation model and aims to deploy around 10 million AI-powered robots by 2040, according to multiple reports. The programme is described as part of a wider national strategy for physical AI—using AI systems in real-world environments rather than only on digital platforms. Japan plans to support the initiative with up to about ¥1 trillion (about US$6.1 billion) in government funding over five years. The AI model is reportedly to be built by Noetra, a consortium of companies including SoftBank and Sony, with other firms such as NEC and additional potential participants mentioned in coverage. Reports say the consortium is formally commissioned by Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and NEDO, and works alongside the AIST research laboratory. The robot deployments are expected to span 18 industries, with newly highlighted sectors including restaurants, food manufacturing, and medicine, alongside areas such as manufacturing and healthcare. The initiative is framed as a response to Japan’s labour challenges, including an ageing population, and as an effort to reduce reliance on AI technologies from the United States and China.