South Korea is considering a plan to transform the Gwangju Military Air Base into a flagship semiconductor cluster for the country’s southwestern region, a move that is expected to require close coordination with the United States. The base functions as a Korea–U.S. Air Force Collocated Operating Base (COB), meaning it is part of a framework that supports rapid U.S. air asset deployment during contingencies. While no U.S. Air Force operational units are permanently stationed at Gwangju during peacetime, it is one of five COB locations in South Korea designated for emergency use. Parts of the installation are understood to be provided to the U.S. side under the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA), which allows American forces to use designated facilities in emergencies. Because of this role, any relocation, redesign of functions, or change in the base’s operational status would likely need bilateral consultations and formal redesignation of the COB. A South Korean Ministry of National Defense official says the government intends to work with the U.S. side to coordinate the timing of any changes.