European Union foreign ministers are scheduled to discuss on Monday whether there is sufficient support for new EU measures to curb trade with Israeli settlements in the occupied West Bank. The meeting will draw on a confidential European Commission paper that presents three possible approaches: an import licensing system, prohibitive tariffs, or an outright ban. Diplomats and officials say the discussion aims to gauge where EU member states stand, and they do not expect a formal decision on specific measures during the meeting.

The debate reflects longstanding divisions among the EU’s 27 member countries over Middle East policy, particularly regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Some governments have increased pressure for action in recent months, citing rising violence by Israeli settlers and criticism of Israel’s settlement expansion. The EU has already taken related steps, including sanctions in May against four entities and three individuals over alleged serious and systematic human rights abuses against Palestinians in the West Bank.

The International Court of Justice issued an advisory opinion in July 2024 stating that Israel’s occupation and settlements are illegal and that states should prevent trade or investment relations that help maintain the situation. Israel rejects the characterization, saying the territory is disputed and that Jewish presence there dates back thousands of years.