The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) orders refunds and penalties following a rise in customer complaints about banks. According to reports citing CBN figures, bank customers submit 23,129 complaints in 2025, which is an 11% increase compared with the previous year. The CBN directs lenders to refund affected customers a total of N19.12 billion and $329.3 million, reflecting the outcomes of the regulator’s review of reported breaches and consumer impacts. In addition to ordering refunds, the CBN imposes penalties on banks for non-compliance, totaling N1.69 billion. The reporting indicates the complaints and related regulatory actions are part of the CBN’s supervision and enforcement efforts to address issues raised by customers and hold financial institutions accountable. Both sources present the same core figures: the number of complaints, the refund amounts in naira and US dollars, and the total penalties imposed in naira.