Sweden says Russia could attempt to test NATO’s cohesion and the alliance’s mutual defense commitment in the “relatively near term,” according to a new Swedish parliamentary defense assessment. Swedish officials say such a move would be aimed at probing how NATO responds, including whether collective defense obligations hold under pressure.

The assessment indicates that any Russian challenge would not necessarily require a full-scale attack. Instead, it could involve limited military action carried out if the Kremlin judges that political conditions are favorable. Sweden’s warning frames the risk as a potential near-term effort to evaluate alliance readiness and decision-making.

Neither source identifies a specific date or particular target for any alleged Russian activity. The reporting also does not provide new publicly verified intelligence details, focusing instead on the scenario outlined in Sweden’s defense report and its implications for NATO’s unity and deterrence.